2011年8月21日星期日

Arizona News from USA Today

First, a lesson on the importance of play.

Cindy Dell Clark, an anthropology professor at Rutgers University-Camden, studies how children use play to cope with chronic illness.Unlike traditional Injection mold , It’s true that young animals roughhouse and fool around, she said, but play among human children is not universal. The way children play depends on how they grow up.

“Kids don’t do pretend play in all societies,” said Clark. “In a lot of societies, kids have important work to do. Their chores are important for economic survival.This patent infringement case relates to retractable landscape oil paintings ,”

Cultures that encourage children to use their imaginations, tell stories or act out roles are offering a signal that it must be important. It has value, especially in a society that wants children to become independent.

“In a society like that, where everyone is an agent that operates for themselves, play is important,ceramic zentai suits for the medical,” said Clark. “It helps kids to navigate what they’re experiencing socially and make sense of it for themselves.”

In the course of her work to study how children with diabetes and asthma coped with their illnesses, Clark found kids used their imaginations to handle stress and make sense of their disease.

She recalled the case of one boy with asthma whose stuffed animals were taken away because they contained possible allergens. He had to learn how to stay calm during a nighttime asthma attack. So he imagined the cartoon characters printed on his bedsheets could come to life and protect him.

“He conjured the idea of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles as his protectors,” said Clark. “If he were really close to death, (he imagined) they would fly out the window and get his doctor.”

In another case, a mother invented a game to help her little boy cope with his insulin shots. She pretended the needle was a zebra, and with each injection, she would tell her son the zebra was going to give him a kiss. When the shot was over, the boy was allowed to take the syringe, put it on the floor and stamp his foot on it, saying, “Bad zebra,For the last five years porcelain tiles ,This will leave your shoulders free to rotate in their offshore merchant account . you hurt me.”

The scenario allowed the mother to show her son she was giving him the injection out of love, and the boy was allowed to demonstrate his objections.

“Only play allows you to do that,” said Clark. “Play allows you to take yourself out of this very literal circumstance and go into ‘as-if’ playing.”

Playing allows children to act out a new way of thinking about the real world, she said.

“I think each and every one of us can nurture that in our children,” Clark said. “It’s what makes it possible to be resilient for all of us. Play doesn’t say there is only one way to intepret everything. You can shift meaning around — it’s a loving zebra, it’s a hurtful zebra. It can be kind of limber and ambiguous.”

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